Weed Information: Tamarix sp. (saltcedar)
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Tamarix sp. (saltcedar)

Family: Tamaricaceae

Description

These delicately branched shrubs or small trees have extremely tiny leaves and tiny pink flowers. Although commonly grown as ornamentals, these species are extremely detrimental in arid environments where they occupy lake banks and stream courses and `suck them dry.` It has been reported that an acre of this species can draw as much as 11 acre feet of water out of the ground in a single year. Salts taken up with the water are deposited in the leaves (hence the common name), which are then shed, poisoning all other surrounding vegetation and leading to monocultural stands of saltcedar. The most common of the invasive species is T. chinensis (= T. ramosissima), but there are several other very similar species. See the excellent descriptions in Weeds of California and other Western States. All plants in this genus found growing where not initially planted should be considered invasive and reported to local weed control authorities..

Characteristics

Flower Color
  • Red (or pink)
Inflorescence Type (How the flowers are arranged on the plant)
  • Terminal raceme
Number of Petals
  • 5 petals
Petal Separation
  • Completely free to base
Petal Tip
  • Erose
  • Toothed
Flower Symmetry
  • Flowers regular
Flower Length (Head length in the Asteraceae)
  • < 1 mm (< .04 inch)
  • 1 mm (.04 inch)
  • 2 mm (.08 inch)
Flower Width (Head width in the Asteraceae)
  • < 1 mm (< .04 inch)
  • 1 mm (.04 inch)
  • 2 mm (.08 inch)
  • 3 mm (.12 inch)
Number of Sepals
  • 5 sepals
Sepal Separation
  • Completely free to base
Sepal Tip
  • Rounded
  • Toothed
Flower Sex
  • Bisexual (perfect)
Number of Styles
  • 3 styles
Number of Stamens
  • 5 stamens
  • 6 stamens
  • 7 stamens
  • 8 stamens
  • 9 stamens
  • 10 stamens
  • more than 10 stamens
Stamens Attached to the Petals
  • Stamens NOT attached to the petals
Stamens Connate (united)
  • Filaments or anthers NOT united

Carpel Separation
  • Carpels united (or one)
Number of Carpels
  • 3 carpels
  • 4 carpels
  • 5 carpels
Ovary Position
  • Superior (hypogynous)
Fruit Type
  • Capsule, 1-celled
Fruit Length at Maturity
  • 1 mm (.04 inch) or less
  • 2 mm (.08 inch)
Fruit Width at Maturity
  • 1 mm (.04 inch) or less
Burs
  • Fruit or seed NOT bur-like

Leaf Arrangement
  • Alternate
  • Opposite
Leaf Type
  • Simple (including lobed leaves)
Stipules
  • Lacking
Tendrils
  • Tendrils absent
Venation
  • Pinnate
Petiole (leaf stem) Blade Ratio
  • Petiole absent (leaf sessile)
Leaf Length (blade PLUS petiole)
  • < 5 mm (< .20 inch)
Leaf Width
  • < 1 mm (< .04 inch)
  • 1 - 5 mm (.04 - .20 inch)
Leaf Shape (simple leaves only)
  • Elliptic
  • Lanceolate
  • Oblanceolate
  • Oblong
Leaf or Leaflet Margin
  • Entire
Leaf or Leaflet Blade Base
  • Acute (cuneate)
Leaf or Leaflet Tip
  • Acute
  • Rounded (obtuse)
Leaf or Leaflet Blade Surface
  • Glabrous (NO hairs)
  • Glandular
Succulence
  • Not succulent

Milky Juice
  • Juice NOT milky (watery)
Woodiness
  • Woody
Spines or Thorns
  • Spines or Thorns ABSENT
Aromatic (vegetative structures)
  • Not aromatic
Life Cycle
  • Perennial
Growth Habit (while flowering)
  • Erect, spherical (bushy)
Plant Height at Maturity
  • 1 - 1.5 meters (3.3 - 5.0 feet)
  • 1.5 - 2.0 meters (5.0 - 6.6 feet)
  • 2 - 2.5 meters (6.6 - 8.3 feet)
  • 2.5 - 5 meters (8.3 - 16.6 feet)
  • more than 5.0 meters (16.6 33 feet)
Wind Dissemination
  • Not wind disseminated
Moisture Regime
  • Aquatic
  • Semi-aquatic
  • Seasonally saturated
Chlorophyll
  • Present

Stem Cross Section
  • Round
Flowering Stem Leaves
  • Stem uniformly leafy
Main Stem Branches
  • Main stem branched

Root or Vegetative Propagule
  • Fibrous
  • Tap Root

US State
  • Arkansas
  • Georgia
  • Kansas
  • Louisiana
  • Mississippi
  • North Carolina
  • Ohio
  • South Carolina
  • Texas
  • Virginia
  • Arizona
  • California
  • Colorado
  • Montana
  • North Dakota
  • New Mexico
  • Nevada
  • Oklahoma
  • Oregon
  • South Dakota
  • Utah
  • Wyoming
  • Nebraska
Canadian Province or Territory
  • British Columbia
  • Ontario
  • Quebec
  • Manitoba

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