Flower Color

• Red (or pink)
• Red-purple

Inflorescence Type (How the flowers are arranged on the plant)

• Solitary, axillary

Number of Petals

• 5 petals

Petal Separation

• United at base only (<25% length)

Petal Tip

• Pointed
• Rounded

Flower Symmetry

• Flowers regular

Flower Length (Head length in the Asteraceae)

• 2 mm (.08 inch)
• 3 mm (.12 inch)
• 4 mm (.16 inch)

Flower Width (Head width in the Asteraceae)

• 2 mm (.08 inch)
• 3 mm (.12 inch)
• 4 mm (.16 inch)

Number of Sepals

• 5 sepals

Sepal Separation

• Completely free to base
• United at base < 25% length

Sepal Tip

• Pointed

Flower Sex

• Bisexual (perfect)

Number of Styles

• 1 style
• 2 styles
• 3 styles

Number of Stamens

• 5 stamens
• 6 stamens
• 7 stamens
• 8 stamens
• 9 stamens
• 10 stamens

Stamens Attached to the Petals

• Stamens NOT attached to the petals

Stamens Connate (united)

• Filaments or anthers NOT united

Carpel Separation

• Carpels united (or one)

Number of Carpels

• 1 carpel
• 2 carpels
• 3 carpels

Ovary Position

• Inferior (epigynous)

Fruit Type

• Capsule, 1-celled
• Capsule, 2-celled
• Capsule, 3-celled

Fruit Length at Maturity

• 1 mm (.04 inch) or less
• 2 mm (.08 inch)
• 3 mm (.12 inch)
• 4 mm (.16 inch)

Fruit Width at Maturity

• 2 mm (.08 inch)
• 3 mm (.12 inch)

Burs

• Fruit or seed NOT bur-like

Leaf Arrangement

• Opposite

Leaf Type

• Simple (including lobed leaves)

Stipules

• Foliaceous < 2 mm (< .08 inch) long
• Foliaceous 2-4 mm (.08 - .16 in) long

Tendrils

• Tendrils absent

Venation

• Pinnate

Petiole (leaf stem) Blade Ratio

• Petiole < 25% total length

Leaf Length (blade PLUS petiole)

• 1 - 2 cm (.40 - .80 inch)
• 2 - 4 cm (.80 - 1.60 inches)

Leaf Width

• 1 - 2 cm (.40 - .80 inch)

Leaf Shape (simple leaves only)

• Obovate
• Orbicular (round)

Succulence

• Succulent

Leaf or Leaflet Margin

• Entire

Leaf or Leaflet Blade Base

• Acute (cuneate)
• Rounded
• Truncate

Leaf or Leaflet Tip

• Notched (emarginate, retuse)
• Rounded (obtuse)
• Truncate

Leaf or Leaflet Blade Surface

• Glabrous (NO hairs)

Milky Juice

• Juice NOT milky (watery)

Woodiness

• Herbaceous

Spines or Thorns

• Spines or Thorns ABSENT

Aromatic (vegetative structures)

• Not aromatic

Life Cycle

• Annual

Growth Habit (while flowering)

• Prostrate
• Spreading ascending
• Erect, spherical (bushy)

Plant Height at Maturity

• < 1 cm (< .40 inch)
• 1 - 5 cm (.40 - 2.0 inches)
• 5 - 10 cm (2.0 - 4.0 inches)
• 1 - 2 dm (4.0 - 8.0 inches)
• 2 - 4 dm (8.0 - 16.0 inches)

Wind Dissemination

• Not wind disseminated

Moisture Regime

• Mesic
• Arid

Chlorophyll

• Present

Stem Cross Section

• Round

Flowering Stem Leaves

• Stem uniformly leafy

Main Stem Branches

• Main stem branched

Root or Vegetative Propagule

• Tap Root

US State

• Alabama
• Arkansas
• Florida
• Georgia
• Louisiana
• Missouri
• Mississippi
• North Carolina
• New Jersey
• South Carolina
• Tennessee
• Texas
• Virginia
• Hawaii
• Maryland
• Arizona
• California
• Colorado
• New Mexico
• Nevada
• Oklahoma
• Utah

Other

• Puerto Rico
• Virgin Islands

• An Illustrated Guide To Arizona Weeds, 1972 (ISBN 0-8165-0288-9) 338 pages. See page: 130
• California Growers Weed Identification Handbook, 1968 - 1998 University of California Publication # 4030-1, See page: 64
• S.W.S.S. Weed ID Guide, 1993 Section Number and Five letter code: 11 TRTPO
• Weeds of California, 1970, State of California Publications and Documents. See page: 170
• Weeds of California and other Western States, 2007 (ISBN 13: 978-1-879906-69-3) See Page: 1370
• Weeds of Crops in Southern Arizona, 1958 Arizona Ag. Exp. Station Bulletin #296, See page: 43
• Weeds of the South, University of Georgia 2009, ISBN#0-8203-3046-9 See page: 29
• Listed as a `Weed` by the Biota of North America Program, 2008 x
• Listed in the WSSA Composite List of Weeds X